The specific physical and chemical properties of rubidium have attracted the attention of researchers for the extraction of rubidium from its resources, which as a rare alkali metal in In recent years the expansion of its commercial uses have been tested. The main research conducted in this field concerned the recovery of this element as a by-product of the lithium mineral extraction process. In this study, we discussed the extraction of rubidium from the tailings dam of the Mouteh gold processing plant in Iran by modeling the hydrometallurgical procedure used to process lithium. For this purpose, first the sample pickling process was carried out using 5M nitric acid at 85°C for 5 hours to remove most of the impurities. Then, the roasting process was optimized using the two-stage central composite experimental design. The 81.11% recovery rate of rubidium for a mass ratio of sample/sodium sulfate/calcium chloride 1/0.29/0.51 was increased to 90.95% recovery rate for a mass ratio of sample/sodium sulphate/calcium chloride 1/0.11/0.45 at the same temperature. Finally, a rubidium recovery rate of 97.14% was achieved by optimizing the water leaching process of the roasted sample at a solid/liquid ratio of 1.69, with a temperature of 58.51°C within 31.36 minutes. Rubidium is a rare alkali metal in the first group of the periodic table, which was discovered in 1861 by Robert Bunsen and Gustav Kirchhoff using flame spectrometry. The chemical reactions of this element resemble those of the alkali metals potassium and cesium, and the acetate, bromide, carbonate, chloride, chromate, fluoride, formate, hydroxide, iodide, nitrate, and sulfate salts of this element can be easily resolved in water . The most striking physical properties of this silvery-white element include softness, malleability and low melting point (39°C), and it is also the fourth lightest metallic element [1]. The application of rubidium in ion engines (such as spacecraft engines) as a fuel, in photocells and photoelectric devices thanks to the photonic effect, its use to produce methanol and other alcohols, styrene and butadiene as a catalyst, the use of various rubidium compounds in electrical appliances due to semiconductor and piezoelectric properties, in analytical chemistry for the identification of manganese, zirconium and noble metals, in incandescent and cathode ray lamps due to the transparency of infrared radiation and in many other applications demonstrate the unique properties of this precious element [1,2]. The annual production of rubidium in the world amounts to several tens of kilograms. Due to the variety of applications, the supply and demand of rubidium has been steadily growing since 1990 and its price has increased on the international market.