Since time immemorial, politicians have embraced the conventional economic wisdom that expansionary fiscal and credit policies would accelerate growth and redistribute income. However, these policies do not necessarily result in high economic growth and improved Human Development Index (HDI) because different countries respond differently to such policies. These policies could in fact cause crises resulting from runaway inflation and therefore be harmful to the well-being of a country's population. Therefore, the government takes measures to ensure the betterment of its population during these crises. These measures adopted by the government aim to ensure the equality and inclusion of the "people" against the elite, which is why they are called populist measures. This paper will examine the populist measures of India and China, comparing them and evaluating their strengths and weaknesses to find out which governance system supports a steady growth of socioeconomic populism. The article will mainly look at; India's populist measures and evaluate them against China's populist measures. Since welfare ideologies are often considered similar, this article will help us study populist measures in two different governance systems and suggest possible changes that can be made to both structures. The paper will discuss welfare measures such as the food security bill, agricultural reforms, education spending and infrastructure programmes. The question addressed by this article is whether populist measures will be able to support a democratic government like that of India or whether such measures will work better in a communist state like China; the importance of which form of government can afford to adopt populist measures to increase...... declined-in-china/ http://unu.edu/publications/articles/redefining-poverty-in-china-and- india.html http://polsci.ku.dk/english/international_students/present_international_students/taking_exams/past_papers /populism___a_threat_or_a_challenge_for_the_democratic_system.pdf/ http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/populism.html http://www.oxfamblogs. org/fp2p/?p=15309 http://www.economist.com/blogs/banyan/ 2013/08/indias-economy http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2013-09-27/thiruvananthapuram/42458720_1_udf -schemes-flagship-programmes http://retributions.nationalinterest.in/is-indian-politics-populist/ http://www.dailypioneer.com/columnists/usual-suspects/populist-politics--devastating-india.html http://tejas.iimb.ac.in/interviews/12.php http://www .indianexpress.com/news/why-india-is-turning-to-populism/443216/1