REDD+ leads to increases in both carbon storage and forest conservation. The REDD+ mitigation measure includes REDD, as well as conservation of forest carbon stocks, sustainable forest management and enhancement of forest carbon stocks. REDD+ with carbon enhancement objective can increase the conversion of biodiverse natural ecosystem into monoculture with rapid species growth. Furthermore, increased afforestation and reforestation will be common replacing highly biodiverse non-forest ecosystems (Swan and McNelly, 2011). Forest conservation in the REDD+ area can lead to the displacement (dispersal) of deforestation and degradation to other non-REDD+ sites. . For example, in Indonesia, targeting high-carbon peat forests will increase pressure to convert forests to oil palm plantations on mineral soils that impact existing ecosystem biodiversity (Swan and McNelly, 2011). Furthermore, limiting human access to forests previously accessible for the extraction of forest products and fuelwood would benefit wildlife, increase carbon, and protect forests, but the long-term sustainability of this approach is questionable (Miles and Dickson, 2010). Similarly, carbon-focused conservation efforts under REDD+ will create enormous pressure on priority global biodiversity conservation areas, such as the Brazilian Cerrado, Cape Floristic Province and Succulent Karoomay, as it will divert investment away from them for conservation and will redirect human activity. pressure towards them (Straussburg, et. al., 2009). The country's land use decision depends on the country's existing policies, socioeconomic and environmental conditions, and these factors play a key role in achieving conservation goals. Furthermore, poor governance such as poor land ownership, exclusion...... middle of paper......nce. However, the existence of correlations between forest carbon biodiversity will not indicate a causal link (Talbot, 2010), but will help determine the association. The literature indicates that biodiversity and carbon stock do not overlap in all regions and we cannot assume that REDD+ will automatically achieve both carbon and biodiversity benefits. Therefore, an area-specific analysis will be carried out to identify whether additional biodiversity benefits can be achieved in current practice and whether there are differences. However, achieving both benefits (biodiversity conservation and carbon enhancement) depends on several factors such as location, scale of implementation, baseline conditions, historical impacts, forest type and broader landscape context. It may not always be possible to achieve win-win outcomes, but it is important that these factors are considered in detail during planning.