The continuous cases in which the police shot down unarmed African Americans have provoked the “Black Lives Matter” movement. This activist movement against police brutality quickly attracted public attention. Americans have intensely debated the controversy over whether or not the police are biased against African Americans, but have not reached an agreement. Some insist that all Americans discriminate against African Americans, while others believe that Americans do not discriminate against them. African Americans are at the center of the discrimination problem. However, when the public turns all their attention to African Americans, they fail to realize that not only African Americans are victims of discrimination. In the article “Black-on-Black Racism: The Hazards of Implicit Bias,” Johnson discusses the controversy of whether or not Americans are prejudiced against minorities. Throughout the article, he references the Implicit Association Test (IAT), an assessment of racial bias (Johnson). Examines the level of respondents' implicit biases against African Americans by asking respondents to sort a group of words as positive or negative and to quickly sort pictures of faces as white or black people (Johnson). The result of this test reveals that, in general, participants, including blacks, have a greater tendency to associate black faces with negative words (Johnson). Johnson's article argues that implicit prejudice against African Americans exists conspicuously today. Although Johnson is African American, his IAT result reveals that he also has a slight disdain for his own race. In his words, racism occurs simultaneously against Black people and through Black people. Stereotypes that belittle Black people have also caused them to despise their own race and have further led to the growth of implicit biases for every American person (Johnson). Furthermore, implicit bias doesn't just apply to discrimination against African Americans. Different people may unconsciously target and discriminate against different groups. Johnson published his article in The Atlantic, an authoritative website that includes news and analysis on politics, business, culture, technology, etc. His intended audience appears to be all Americans, since he stated in his article that almost every American has an implicit bias against blacks. With strong support from all sources, Johnson addresses the social issue in society: public prejudice against blacks has caused racism among blacks. When a person denies having racism against blacks, they are racist against
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