Mary Shelley's novel Frankenstein is a gothic novel that contains two genres, science fiction and gothicism. The novel is a first-person narrative that uses a framing technique, in which a story is told within a story. Shelley gives the book a distinctive gothic atmospheric tone by using the setting she has chosen which is dark and gloomy, in doing so it reflects the horror of the creature; the points of view contribute to the realism of the novel; and the characterization allows the reader to interact with the characters and feel sympathy or hatred towards each of them. To draw readers into her suspenseful novel, Shelley uses foreshadowing. The narrative structure shows a wide range of perspectives rather than just one, doing so provides the reader with a greater understanding of the characters' personalities. The symbolism and imagery evokes readers' emotions regarding sympathy. Shelley wove these techniques together to produce a novel in which readers' sympathy jumps from character to character and moral judgments are made based on the characters' actions. Time is also important in the novel as it adds atmosphere. For example, on a "gloomy November night" (p38 Frankenstein) the creature is born and during "a heavy rainstorm" where the wind "rises with great violence" (p164 Frankenstein) Elizabeth is killed. The connection between the two is that the reader can sense when something bad/traumatic will happen just because of the weather. However the dark and gloomy weather does not fill the entire novel. When Spring is present the creature feels 'emotions of sweetness and pleasure, which had long seemed dead, being reborn within [him]. Half......half of the paper......shows the reader's emotions through figurative language, for example the tone of the creature's narration is very dark, so when those sections are read we feel his sadness and understand the suffering he went through, which makes us sympathize with him. Gothic and realistic techniques give the sense of realism. The combination of all the above techniques used to write Frankenstein produced a novel that evokes our moral judgments and sympathy. Bibliography The Open University (2006), Approaching Literature, The Realist Novel, Milton Keynes, The Open University. The Open University (2006 ), Approaching Literature, Approaching Prose Fiction, Milton Keynes, The Open University.Mary Shelley, Frankenstein, Oxford 1998