LOCATIONThe Hudson Plains are located in parts of Ontario and Manitoba. Their surface area is approximately 350,000 square km. The western edge of the Hudson Plains is around Churchill in northern Manitoba, the eastern edge is around Fort Rupert, the northern edge borders Hudson Bay and James Bay, and the southern edge is near Kapuskasing, Manitoba. Moosonee and Churchill are major cities in the Hudson Plains area, while lesser-known cities include Attawapiskat, Fort George, Eastmain, Fort Albany, Lake River, Winisk, Fort Severn, and Shamattawa.VEGETATIONVegetation in the Hudson Plains follows for mostly latitude patterns, due to the flat nature of the terrain. The Hudson Plains are a fusion of boreal forest and tundra. Trees are few and far between, denser in the southern, wetter part of the ecozone. In this wetter area the plant variety includes: sedge tufts, cotton grass, sphagnum moss, dwarf birch, willow shrubs, silver fir, black fir, larch, balsam, poplar, tamarack and stone pine. In the driest area the vegetation is shrubby and low. It includes Lapland laurel, lingonberry, bilberry, cloudberry, reindeer moss, caribou lichen and herbs such as arctic saxifrage, purple saxifrage, spiny saxifrage and thorn saxifrage. LAND SHAPE Elevation average in the Hudson Plains is 120 m above sea level. It is a flat and flat area. The terrain consists of mineral soils, with a few outcrops of underlying sandstone and shale. This land was created when the weight of glaciers depressed the Hudson Bay region and ocean waters flooded areas up to 300 km inland from the current coast. Then, during the retreat of the huge continental ice sheets, drainage in Hudson Bay was blocked and lakes (Agassiz and Ojibway for example) formed along the...... middle of paper......-ums are also common.Fish species in Hudson Plains streams and lakes include northern pike, walleye, and brook trout.SUMMARY STATEMENTThe Hudson Plains ecozone, northern Ontario, and parts of Manitoba and Quebec, is a wetland area. The climate is generally cool. The northern part of the ecozone is full of shrubs, but not trees, and areas further south contain forests. Wet they have vegetation such as mosses and lichens and also some trees such as willows, tamaracks and black firs. The more northern and drier locations have vegetation composed of many shrubs such as blueberry and blueberry. In summer, the wetlands of the Hudson Plains attract millions of migratory birds, such as snow geese, Canada geese and king eiders. Mammals that can be found here include moose and black bear, but small mammals such as muskrat and weasel are more common.