There were also many changes in employers. Labor services were transformed into cash rent, land was not owned by length of service but rather by lease/title, and lords rented their land instead of cultivating it directly. A class of wealthy farmers also arose, known as the Franklin class. Feudal society had transformed into a money-based society. The Black Death also affected English society. A third of the population died, resulting in rising wages, falling agricultural prices, and a labor shortage. All these factors influenced the transition from direct farming to rental farming. Servile obligations were slowly abandoned as peasants sought freedom. The Peasants' Revolt of 1381 also marked a dramatic change in thinking. The peasants sought freedom and equality, but with their revolt they achieved nothing other than creating fear. However, it still influenced the thought process of the peasants of that time. English nationality also emerged during this period, as the culture and art of England rather than that of France was promoted. This created a strong patriotism for