Great BritainGreat Britain is made up of three countries, England, Scotland and Wales. It is an island off the northwestern coast of Europe. Great Britain is part of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. The capital is London.ReliefThere are many different landscapes in Britain, from high mountains to rolling, sandy valleys. Places like Wales, the Lake District and north-west Scotland have high mountains and steep slopes made of solid rock. This landscape was created millions of years ago during the Ice Age, when moving glaciers created deep valleys, steep mountain slopes and long lakes. . The southern and eastern parts of Britain are made up of smaller rocks which have eroded and become fertile farmland. The highest point is Ben Nevis, 1,343 meters above sea level, and the lowest point is Holme Fen, 3 meters below sea level. The population is 57,970,200 people, the population density is 239 people per square km. 92% of Britons live in urban areas while only 8% live in rural areas. Great Britain is completely surrounded by sea, isolating it from the rest of Europe. No part of Britain is far from the sea, which is an important resource for fishing, tourism and ports. Britain's rivers provide drinking water to cities and irrigate farmers' crops. However, rivers can cause flooding. England The northern and western parts are mountainous. The highlands, the Pennine Range, form the backbone of northern England. The rolling plains occupy most of central and eastern England. The western part of the central region is known as the Midlands. To the east is The Fens, a marshy area. To the south, an elevated plateau slopes upward. Scotland Scotland's terrain is mountainous but is divided into three regions, from north to south: the Highlands, the Central Lowlands and the Southern Uplands. The Highlands occupy more than half of Scotland, the most rugged region on the island of Great Britain. Wales Wales has an irregular coastline and numerous bays; the largest is Cardigan Bay. With the exception of narrow, low-lying coastal areas, mainly in the south and west, Wales is predominantly mountainous. Area England 130,439 km2 Scotland 78,772 km2 Wales 20,768 km2 Total 229,979 km2 Climate Great Britain has fairly cool summers and mild winters. The weather changes from day to day. The climate is temperate and the country does not have long periods of hot or cold weather.