Knowledge is basically the theoretical or practical understanding of a topic. It consists of facts and skills acquired by a person through experience or education. Ethical considerations are related to one's knowledge, experience and value system. According to Hunt and Vitell (1986), ethical judgment is the process of considering several alternatives and choosing the most ethical alternative. For Rest (1986), ethical judgment is the process by which an individual determines that one alternative is morally right and another alternative is morally wrong. “In general, ethical judgment can be defined to include the decision-making process as well as the action itself.” This essay aims to discuss the way in which ethical judgments limit the methods available in the production of knowledge in both the arts and natural sciences. Scientific research is used in the production of knowledge. In some cases, ethical judgments limit this method of knowledge production. For example, due to the limited prevalence of a given disease and the high cost of research, experimentation is quite limited; thus leading to poor healthcare for patients suffering from this disease. Patients suffering from a complicated ophthalmic disease characterized by the absence of pupils are not taken into consideration since their number is rather small and scientific research to improve their vision is limited. Animal testing raises much debate in this field. of science and ethics. Making animals suffer for the benefit of man is decidedly immoral; however, many believe it is necessary to make scientific progress. It is true that the human race would not be where it is today without the discoveries that scientists... at the center of the article... on experimentation, which is based on deductive and inductive reasoning and is not influenced by ethical judgments. Debates on issues from scientific research into certain diseases and animal testing in science, to photographs of vulnerable refugee populations and war documentaries in the arts, have been ongoing. For both ethical judgments have hindered production in the arts and natural sciences. Nonetheless; there definitely needs to be an equal medium as the world will continue to change and progress, and humans must learn to go with this flow, but remember to know what the limits are, when to stop or when to overcome them and thrive.Works Cited http: //arianaaltman.wordpress.com/2014/02/18/tok-essay-revised/http://heapol.oxfordjournals.org/content/11/2/179.full.pdf?origin=publication_detail
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