Introduction: Breastfeeding is considered the most effective way to maintain the health and survival of the baby.(1) Breast milk contains all the nutrients the baby needs need for growth. The benefits of breastfeeding include strengthening the baby's immune system and protecting it from various diseases. Many countries around the world have developed various programs aimed at women to encourage breastfeeding and promote their knowledge about the role of breastfeeding in improving children's health and protecting mothers from breast cancer. Exclusive breastfeeding for the first 6 months of life is recommended worldwide. Oman is one of the countries that has implemented a breastfeeding policy. This policy states that "the infant should be exclusively breastfed for the first six months of life with the introduction of complementary foods and continuing breastfeeding until 2 years of age." Unfortunately, according to statistics from the Ministry of Health, the prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding in the first six months of life in Oman dropped to 9% in 2012. This decline is associated with several problems and could be explained by several factors. This essay has discussed some of these factors. These are: Female employment, Pregnancy, Advertising of baby food companies, Education level, Health status of mothers, Lack of support and Urbanization. Unfortunately, there is a lack of local studies on this topic (causes of decreasing prevalence of breastfeeding in Oman), as the same factors discussed in this essay have been retrieved from foreign studies conducted in other countries around the world. However, almost these causes are also applicable in Oman. ...... middle of paper ...... begins to cry while mothers wait to meet the doctor, the mother will not be able to prevent her baby from breastfeeding for religious and cultural reasons, and will probably give him a bottle of milk. So lack of social support may also result in reduced breastfeeding in Oman. Urbanization: According to United Nations population data, the percentage of urbanization in the Sultanate of Oman was 84% ​​in 2009.(7) And in 2011, the urban population was 73.4% of the total. population.(8) Some resources suggest that as women move from rural to urban regions the ability to breastfeed their children decreases, as traditional practices may be replaced by modern ones or may be influenced by urbanization. In fact, this factor is an association between this point and female employment. Urban women are more likely to have a job and therefore their time will be divided between children and work .