The “scramble for Africa” was a worldwide phenomenon between the years 1880-1914. Until this time the "dark continent" was relatively untouched by Europeans, with few ports of control on the coasts to the west, which were the remnants of the slave trade, and to the south, Britain held the Cape, taken from the Dutch during the wars French revolutionaries. Thus, over the course of 30 years, it came to pass that almost all of Africa was occupied by Europeans. (Except Liberia, a colony of freed American slaves, and Abyssinia which managed to resist Italian aggression). My goal in this essay will be to analyze the economic factors that led to the colonization and almost complete conquest of Africa, and also to determine to what extent the rush actually occurred because of these factors. I am of the opinion that the scramble occurred in different places for different reasons, some economic, some not, so each area of ​​Africa will have to be analyzed in order to examine the extent of economic factors in the scramble. The first part of Africa to look at is South Africa, as before 1980 it was Britain's most owned country in Africa. British settlement began in 182, with the arrival of 5,000 British emigrants. Britain initially feared ruling large numbers of Africans, and London seemed to want to avoid future wars and expansion at the time. However, with the discovery of diamonds in 1867, which led to increased settlement in the area, and with pressure placed on the British government to annex the land. After diamonds were found, imports through the Cape doubled in the years 1871-1875 and a more vibrant economy is seen in South Africa in this period. Gold was later discovered on the Witwa...... center of map ......ic History Review 44:2 (1991)Ensor, R. The Oxford History of England: England 1870-1914 (1985) J. Gallagher & P. ​​Robinson, 'The Imperialism of Free Trade', Economic History Review 6:1 (1953).AG Hopkins, 'Economic Imperialism in West Africa', Economic History Review 21:3 (1968)DCM Platt, ' The Imperialism of Free Trade: Some Reservations', Economic History Review 21:2 (1968).DCM Platt, 'Further Objections to a “Free Trade Imperialism”, 1830-1860', Economic History Review 26:1 (1973). AND. Stokes, 'Late Nineteenth-Century Colonial Expansion and the Attack on the Theory of Economic Imperialism', Historical Journal 12:2 (1969). The Oxford History of the British EmpireVolume III The Nineteenth Century (1999) ed. A. PorterVolume IV Il Novecento (1999) ed. JM Brown and WR LouisVolume V Historiography (1999) ed. A. Wink