Topic > The Importance of Manure Management - 1724

Manure may not be a luxurious topic, but it is currently a hot topic for the agricultural sector. Currently, about 20 million hogs are raised in Iowa alone, and Iowa's lush farmlands benefit greatly from manure production. Manure provides the soil with nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium; improves suitability for sowing; increases water retention capacity; reduces erosion; and provides an energy source for microbial activity (Murphy, 1996). Although soil quality has improved, there are some concerns regarding manure. The main problems involve air and water quality, such as odors and runoff (Hatfield et al., 1998). It is critical that producers create a manure management plan in order to maximize the potential of manure while making valiant efforts to minimize concerns associated with manure. The three manure handling systems include solid, slurry and liquid forms. Solid manure is deposited from grazing animals or from a mixture of manure and litter collected from outdoor production systems. The use of solid manure is not as common now as swine production has shifted primarily to confinement systems. When applied to fields, solid manure can be spread on the surface, incorporated into the soil, or it can be composted. It is important to monitor that there is no contamination of surface water. Frequently removing manure from storage reduces emissions by 40% compared to systems that do not remove manure as frequently (Chadwick et al., 2011). Frequently turning or agitating wells is also an option to reduce emissions. Placing an airtight cover over the storage system prevents the temperature increase that stimulates methane release by inhibiting the activity of aerobic microorganisms (Chadwick et al., 2011). Other roofing options include straw, clay pebbles and recycled plastic. These coatings prevent emissions due to the oxidation of methane to carbon