There are many problems in cancer detection facing the world today, including the ability to diagnose tumors earlier, find less invasive diagnostic techniques, less expensive detection tools, and ways more accurate for detecting and removing cancerous tissue (1-4). Cancers are much easier to treat and have much higher survival rates when diagnosed early (1). Biopsies for cancer detection are invasive and sometimes painful for the patient, so using alternative methods such as biomarkers would make their experience more bearable (1-3). Determining where healthy tissue ends and cancerous tissue begins is another challenge, so fluorescence imaging to see the contrast between good and bad is helpful for surgeons in detecting what needs to be removed(4). These are just a few topics that highlight the difficulty of detecting cancer. Say no to plagiarism. Get a custom essay on "Why Violent Video Games Shouldn't Be Banned"? Get an Original Assay Inkjet Printed Platform for Breast Cancer Biomarker Detection Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2) is one of the few FDA-approved protein biomarkers for breast cancer (2 ). Electrochemical detection of biomarkers is becoming increasingly popular due to low cost and ease of detection, but a better manufacturing method is needed. HER-2 detection methods often require invasive biopsies to find tumor tissue. HER-2 can also be found in the serum of hospitalized patients, but more sensitive measuring tools are needed to detect when concentrations are still low so it can be detected early. Current electrode manufacturing methods require the production of a template, which is time consuming and expensive. Manufacturing also involves expensive facilities, many of which generate hazardous waste. Quickly and easily produced disposable sensors hold promise for point-of-care detection. Inkjet printing can overcome existing obstacles by efficiently producing patterns from low-cost digital files and producing small amounts of material waste. Detection of bladder cancer using biomarkers in urine Bladder cancer is the most common cancer of the urinary tract. Biomarkers in urine are necessary for non-invasive diagnosis, as well as early diagnosis, as typical symptoms may not appear until later stages of cancer (3). Today, bladder cancer is typically diagnosed by a process called cystoscopy. This procedure involves inserting a hollow tube and aliens into the urethra and bladder. Unfortunately, this operation must be performed by a urologist, is often painful for patients, and takes time to complete. Biomarkers from biological fluids would be a more convenient and less invasive alternative, and urine has proven to be a good source for this type of detection. Urine could be a good source of bladder cancer-specific biomarkers due to its proximity to the target organ. Biomarkers can help detect cancer early, helping to reduce mortality rates and reduce the number of invasive procedures needed. Fluorescence-enhanced imaging of pancreatic cancer Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, or pancreatic cancer, is a very lethal disease, and the only cure at present is surgical resection (4). Accurately detecting which tissue needs to be removed is an important part of diagnosis and removal..