The Reconstruction Era occurred at different times. The Compromise of 1877 brought about the end of Federal Reconstruction. It has in recent years been followed by historians in establishing the Southern date as it began in 1863 rather than 1865, but is mostly assumed to have ended in the year 1877. Africans took political steps to become self-liberated Americans by creating they first considered themselves a oppressed people and with this he explained their suffering and also imposed national unity which also brought discipline among them and therefore they had political strength. Spokesmen for African Americans developed a sense of their own people. They tried to equate politics with cultural nationalism where other concerns were raised (Chana, 2005). Black nationalists Leonard Sweet calls for a creative push for black demands for American nationhood, by which he means the rights afforded to American citizens and the economic benefits that accrue from them. The elite group became the mouthpiece of the illiterate others. Black leaders wanted to be accepted by all Americans, and they had to do so at all costs. They wanted all races to be united. The inclusion of all races and especially Black Americans was the reason they would benefit so much. In addition to good education, the overwhelming concern of black leaders was to be accepted into the American civic community at all costs, even at the price of the government position and even to enjoy all the facilities of the American state, while other people enjoyed guarantees fundamentals of civil responsibility, freedom, economic opportunity and citizenship responsibility. Black leaders initiated the first protest by Black Americans that began in the midst of paper institutions since they have been oppressed for a long time. Black nations have been reluctant to do what would grow their economy rather the approach that insists on being compensated for injustices has changed. Illiteracy is also attributed to the nations that colonized them. They want a larger share simply because they have suffered racial separation. Works Cited Matthew Countryman, Up South: Civil Rights and Black Power in Philadelphia (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2005) John Dittmer, Local People: The Struggle for Civil Rights in Mississippi (Urbanan: University of Illinois Press, 1994) Chana Kai Lee, For Freedom's Sake: The Life of Fannie Lou Hamer (Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1999) Premilla Nadasen, Welfare Warriors: The Welfare Rights Movement in the United States (New York: Routledge, 2005)