First of all, the failure of the Meech Lake and Charlottetown agreements essentially hindered the first referendum in 1980. At that time, Quebec expressed the fact that it should be recognized as a society distinct from interior of Canada. Second, and as allowed by Gall, was the Alienation of Quebec, which essentially revived the separatist Parti Quebecois party with Jacques Parizeau as Prime Minister. Parizeau's re-election inevitably led to rekindling the need for an independent Quebec and, in this regard, the 1995 referendum was born. The question articulated in the referendum concerned whether or not Quebec should renounce its link with Canada and become sovereign over basis of a formal offer to Canada for a renegotiation of the political and economic partnership. In this regard, the Parti Quebecois aimed to tap into Quebecker nationalism, to highlight that the federal system was unfavorable to Quebec, and to convince Quebeckers that sovereignty would result in significant economic and political benefits.