A pump dispenser is most commonly found in liquid soap bottles. It is a tool used to efficiently dispense an adequate amount of liquid soap from the bottle to the user's hand. The pump dispenser was designed as an improvement to a simple open mouth bottle. Users found it difficult to control the amount of liquid coming out of their mouth. This method was complicated and involved wasting a lot of liquid soap. The pump dispenser uses a pumping mechanism to control the amount of soap that comes out of the bottle. The pump is attached to the mouth of the bottle using a screw cap (Figure 1-1). The bottle is filled with liquid soap (Figure 1-2). The pump itself consists of a long tube called a dip tube (Figure 1-3). The lower end of the dip tube is immersed in the soap. A stainless steel spring (Figure 1-4) is attached to the top of the dip tube and rests on a ball bearing (Figure 1-5). A piston is fixed on the top of the spring (Figure 1-6), connected to another tube (Figure 1-7). The entire spring is enclosed in a cylindrical chamber (Figure 1-8) that has a larger diameter than the tubes. A second ball bearing (Figure 1-9) is located on the piston. A flat nozzle (Figure 1-10) is attached perpendicular to the open end of the tube. It has a square element (Figure 1-11) for human contact and a narrow, downward-facing neck (Figure 1-12). To operate the pump, the user applies pressure to the square nozzle element with their thumb or forefinger (Figure 2). The force created due to this pressure pushes the nozzle downwards. The tube, connected to the nozzle, is also pushed down and, in turn, compresses the spring (Figure 3). The air in the chamber has nowhere to go and is forced down the tube and out through the nozzle... through the paper... liquid soap can get into the tube. A disadvantage of the pump dispenser is that the dip tube does not reach the bottom of the bottle. It is designed this way because if the open end bottomed out, the soap would have no room to enter the tube. With use, the soap level drops below the tip of the dip tube, and after a certain point, the tube will no longer be able to suck up the liquid. When this happens, the user will have to unscrew the cap and pour the remaining liquid directly from the mouth or refill the soap. This causes minor inconvenience for the user. Soap dispensers are used domestically and commercially. Users include all people. Pump dispensers have versatile uses as lotion bottles, hand sanitizer, and any other liquid that needs to be dispensed in limited quantities at a time. Overall, it is a practical device for deployment.