The term chromatography refers to different methods of molecular separation between a mobile phase and a stationary phase based on various physicochemical properties. There are many types of chromatography used as analytical tools in environmental, forensic, metallurgical, biological sciences, etc. Some common examples are thin layer chromatography (TLC), gas chromatography (GC), high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and ion chromatography chromatography. Ion chromatography (IC) was introduced as an analytical technique by Small, Stevens, and Bauman in 1975. According to IUPAC in IC “separation is based on differences in the ion exchange affinities of individual analytes. If the inorganic ions are separated and can be detected by conductivity detectors or by indirect UV detection, then this is also called ion chromatography” (Eith 17). IC is a general term for various other types of chromatography based on the same principle such as ion exchange chromatography, ion exclusion chromatography, ion pair chromatography, etc. The charged ions can be separated and the separated chromatogram can be detected simultaneously using IC. Previous IC systems were equipped with a separator column for ion separation and a suppressor column that reduced the conductance of the eluent used to elute the ions (Fritz and Gjerde 3). An alternative method was discovered where a single column could be used for the entire process using eluent solutions that had naturally low conductance but had good elution capabilities. The reason behind the development of this single column IC was the resin in the suppressor column. Some analytes interacted with the resin, resulting in extended elution times, peak shifts, and degradation by the resin. This d...... middle of paper ......mple injector has two positions, namely load and inject. During the loading phase, the injector loads the sample into a spiral sample loop. At the same time, the eluent that is pumped is prevented from entering the sample circuit and is bypassed into the column. Samples are loaded using syringes without rubber components to prevent contamination. Care must be taken to avoid the formation of air bubbles in the sample circuit. In the injection position, the blockage is removed and the eluent passes through the sample loop, carrying the analytes through the two columns. The loading volume varies from 20 to 100 μl. Almost 2 times the amount of sample to be analyzed is drawn into the loading syringes where the excess sample overflows and exits through a waste tube. This prevents bubble formation and flushes the sample circuit with sample for a uniform flow.