The Medical Sciences During the Enlightenment During the Enlightenment there were many new developments in the sciences, new guiding principles through the encyclopedia and education of the practices of medical science. These advances have improved knowledge throughout society through technological improvements and new knowledge for humanity. Discoveries in Europe were fundamental to science education. “The European scientific revolution was a perfect fit for the new “America”, they were making it perfect; so they said” (Science in America, Watts). The exploration presented different types of plants, animals, and different beliefs to people, which showed the different ways science could affect everyone, without even knowing it. “The first settlers from England to North America found it difficult to survive, but they soon continued the European tradition of scientific research. Individuals who used native talent to improve living and working conditions performed much of the scientific work done in the 19th century. These inventors improved existing technology, only sometimes using scientific methods to test their ideas. The success and importance of the inventions, however, helped increase the prestige of science in the United States and created a common belief that knowledge, hard work, and science would lead to progress” [American Philosophy. (2013)]. Scientific observations regarding the natural world were transformed into nonfiction through experiments showing technological advances.0 Denis Diderot worked long, hard hours to publish the encyclopedia to showcase all the knowledge within it. With determination Diderot managed to make the suppressed encyclopedia available; widely across populations. Once published with the help of many people: Voltaire, Rousseau, and the mathematician Jean D'Alembert, it laid the foundation for the progress that had been made. With its publication they believed that it could overcome the intolerance of the time. “They preached the radical belief of the philosophes that man could improve his lot if he replaced faith with reason as his guiding principle. It was, in short, a threat to established authority in every field, from religion to government” [Age of Enlightenment (Gay, 151)]. They wanted to show people the true reality of what was happening in the world; they didn't want him to be blinded by dishonesties. The encyclopedia illustrated the surgical practices used in those times. These illustrations helped people visually see what was happening with the new surgical procedures and what measures would be taken and when. The medical illustrations would show different types of facial bandages, different scalpels used, and different types of operating instruments.