Dark matter and dark energy are two entities about which very little is known, except that they make up about 95% of the universe. Even though this is a big part of the universe, it wasn't even thought of until the 60s or 70s. This is due to the fact that it is very difficult to detect and almost impossible to see. Although it is impossible to see, we can see its effects in our galaxy. One way we can “see” dark matter is the movement of the Milky Way. Studying the Milky Way, scientists noticed that the outer rings of the galaxy moved at the same speed as the inner rings (“Dark Energy, Dark Matter,” n.d.). This may seem normal, but, due to the law of gravity, the outer rings should move more slowly because of their distance from other stars and planets, and because of their distance from the center of the universe. This means that there must be an external force pulling on the outer ring. Scientists theorize that it is dark matter. Scientists believe there is a ring around the Milky Way that may be ten times larger than the outer ring of the galaxy itself. This effect is also observed in several galaxies. Furthermore, in galaxy clusters, the force of gravity is much stronger than the mass would suggest. The effects of dark energy were first observed in the 1990s, when scientists observed AI supernovae. Scientists had already figured out how to calculate the distance to supernovae Ia, and they thought they knew the distance to supernovae, but they were very wrong, which means there is an energy source that is pushing the universe apart. Theories of Dark Matter and Dark EnergyBut what are the two phenomena? There is v...... middle of paper......t about five billion years ago, dark energy took over. This means that the universe is separating more rapidly than in the past. On this side there are two theories about the end of the universe; the great cold and the great tear. The Big Chill is a theory that states that the universe will slowly drift apart until all the stars die out and the planets freeze and the heat disappears. The Big Rip is an even darker theory. He claims that the universe will expand faster and faster, due to dark energy, until the galaxies separate. Furthermore, this rapid expansion will cause everything from galaxies to molecules to violently tear apart. Of these two theories, the Big Chill is the least likely to occur. that said, whether or not the Big Rip happens all depends on whether the dark energy remains or disappears as quickly as it appeared.