One of the most important problems facing the world today is the limited availability of energy resources. There is a general belief that oil, coal and gas will run out after some time; therefore it is essential to find a replacement for fossil fuels before they run out. Scientists have done a lot of research, and one of the proposed solutions is nuclear energy. Nuclear energy, or atomic energy, is produced in nuclear reactions, when nuclear particles collide with a neutron and explode, emitting energy. Its important feature is enormous efficiency, such that a large amount of energy can be generated from a small amount of nuclear fuel, making it efficient and long-lasting. Nuclear energy was discovered in the late 1930s and was initially used to build atomic bombs, but after World War II it began to be used to produce electricity. Most people have a prejudice against nuclear energy because of atomic bombs and nuclear power plant accidents. They think it is risky and unreliable, when in reality modern technology can ensure the safe use of atomic energy. This project will examine the advantages and disadvantages of atomic energy, suggest possible actions to improve nuclear energy safety measures, and determine whether it can be a safe replacement for current fossil fuel-based energy resources or not. Nuclear energy could be more environmentally friendly than other energies. resources. First, nuclear reactors produce relatively very small quantities of greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxide, or sulfur dioxide (Hinrichs and Kleinbach 2006). Holger Rogner (2010) states that nuclear reactors emit only a few grams of greenhouse gases when producing one kWh of electricity, this… middle of paper… is just one reactor and produces 73% of the electricity. its electricity. The status of nuclear energy in Russia is not high; it produces 17% of its electricity from 31 operational reactors. (Schneider et al. 2009) Most of these countries have nuclear waste management programs and nuclear industry expansion plans. (Schneider et al. 2009) The high status of nuclear energy in developed countries demonstrates that nuclear energy could become the main supplier of electricity. In conclusion, nuclear energy can be a safe way to produce electricity. Modern reactors and international safety measures can avoid most of the dangers of nuclear energy. The nuclear industry is developing and improving safety measures that regulate the proliferation, waste disposal and aging of nuclear power plants. Furthermore, the environmental and economic benefits demonstrate that nuclear energy is a preferable substitute to fossil fuel resources.