In Republic, Plato presents his vision of justice and why it is better to be just than unjust. In doing so, Plato seeks to develop a parallel between justice in the city and justice in the individual. Justice in the city can be characterized by the fact that each citizen performs his social service in the state in which his nature is best adapted. Justice in the soul is that each of the three parts of the soul – rational, lively and appetitive – performs its proper functions and is in harmony with each other. The film Crimes and Misdemeanors provides a different perspective than Plato's on the topic of justice. Through the actions of Judas, a crucial character in the film, the idea of being just and unjust is different. Plato's attempt to draw a parallel between justice in the city and justice in the soul is flawed, as are his arguments for being just rather than unjust. Plato tries to explain justice by providing a connection between justice in the city and justice in the soul. He believes there is more justice in bigger things, like the city, which will help understand what justice looks like in the individual. Using induction, Plato is willing to "find out what kind of thing justice is in a city, and then look for it in an individual, observing the ways in which the smallest is similar to the largest" (369e). Plato explores parts of the city in terms of specific roles played by individuals. According to Plato, goods for the city are more abundant and of better quality when everyone does the work for which he is naturally suited and is freed from doing anything else (370c). In a just city, philosopher rulers rule, the guardians will protect the city and the producers will produce the good... half paper... and continue with their lives. Plato's link between justice in the city and justice in the soul is flawed, as are his arguments for why someone should be just rather than unjust. Plato thinks that the characteristics of the city were formed by the characteristics of its citizens. If the city is a kallipolis, then the individuals who compose it must be just; however, the producers who are governed by their appetitive parts constitute the majority of the city. Plato also believes that it is always better to be just than unjust because guilt will consume one's soul. In the film, Judah commits an unjust act but still manages to free himself from the guilt. While Plato believes that there should be a moral structure to one's life, the film Crime and Misdemeanors presents a life where there is no moral structure and where life is filled with work, love and desires..
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